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Synthesia disorder test4/5/2023 The prevailing synesthesia hypothesis are the disinhibited feedback theory or the cross activation model hypothesis. Most of the studies that were done were focusing on sound -> color synesthesia and grapheme -> color synesthesia. EEG, PET, fMRI and diffusion tensor imaging are among the most prominent techniques to research the structural and functional differences of synesthetic brains and those of non-synesthetes. In the past 15 years there has been a steady evolution of the technical possibilities for neuroimaging studies. Synesthetic brains may be wired differently The different sensory areas in the brain are stronger connected in synesthetic brains. If one area is activated, eg due to the stimulation of music, other areas are activated too. In a nutshell and said simply: different areas in the brain are neurologically, more strongly connected. The question is how do synesthetes and non-synesthetes differ in aspect of brain structure, brain function and brain development. Researchers have debated the neural mechanisms of synesthesia since the earliest days of synesthesia research. Why is there something like synesthesia? What are the benefits of synesthesia? Can Synesthesia be trained and acquired? How does Synesthesia develop? What can we learn from synesthesia in terms of perception, evolution of language and the function of the brain? Nowadays, as science heads forward, new questions arise. In this phase it was shown that synesthesia is a real neuropsychological phenomenon and not a mere product of fantasy. New technology arose and new neuroimaging techniques became available, allowing deeper insights into the brain. On the merge of this millennia, synesthesia science started to use empirical experiments to study synesthesia and not to rely solely on verbal, single case reports of synesthetes. Or that synesthesia is rather a product of fantasy, or mere associations. It was assumed that synesthetes just had consumed drugs. The scientific community was rather sceptical towards synesthesia at this time. In the late 80’s, Richard Cytowic picked up on the topic of synesthesia again. Synesthesias’ renaissance – Proving that it is real It was sometimes rather more poetic than scientific. In the beginning, around the start of the 20th century, research consisted mainly of describing the synesthetic experiences of synesthetes. Scientific origins – describing the phenomenon of Synesthesia Three rough phases in synesthesia science can observed. Now in the last century, research has picked it up again. In the beginning of the 20th century, the interest on synesthesia faded out. The first mention of synesthesia was in the late 19th century. Can synesthesia be really learned, as some scientists recently proposed? We will ask the question: why and how does synesthesia develop. You will learn about the brain and synesthesia and the underlying mechanisms of synesthetic perceptions. What are the disputes and facts nowadays? And where will synesthesia science go in the future? In this article, we summarize the current state of synesthesia research. What we know for sure, synesthesia is not a disorder. But as science goes, the more questions that are answered, the more new questions arise. We understand more and more about synesthesia. The number of scientific publications of synesthesia research has been rising constantly over the past years. Psychologists and neurologists are dedicated to the topic of synesthesia. Synesthesia has become a well researched field in science. Synesthesia Research The Brain, Genetics, development and training of synesthesia.
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